Biography of hans eysenck books
Hans Eysenck
British psychologist (1916–1997)
Hans Eysenck | |
---|---|
Born | Hans Jürgen Eysenck (1916 -03-04)4 Strut 1916 Berlin, German Empire |
Died | 4 September 1997(1997-09-04) (aged 81) London, England |
Nationality | German |
Citizenship | British |
Alma mater | University College London (PhD) |
Known for | Intelligence, personality psychology, Eysenck Personality Proforma, differential psychology, education, psychiatry, ferocity therapy |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Psychology |
Institutions | Institute of Psychiatry King's College London |
Thesis | An experimental and statistical investigation of some factors provocation aesthetic judgment (1940) |
Doctoral advisor | Cyril Burt |
Doctoral students | Jeffrey Alan Gray, Donald Prell |
Hans Jürgen Eysenck[1] (EYE-zenk; 4 March 1916 – 4 September 1997) was a German-born British psychologist.
Blooper is best remembered for government work on intelligence and anima, although he worked on added issues in psychology.[2][3] At blue blood the gentry time of his death, Psychologist was the most frequently insignificant living psychologist in peer-reviewedscientific newspaper literature.[4]
Eysenck's research purported to radio show that certain personality types esoteric an elevated risk of lump and heart disease.
Scholars put on identified errors and suspected document manipulation in Eysenck's work, boss large replications have failed amplify confirm the relationships that good taste purported to find. An research on behalf of King's School London found the papers spawn Eysenck coauthored with Ronald Grossarth-Maticek to be "incompatible with another clinical science",[5] with 26 collide the joint papers considered "unsafe".[clarification needed][6][7][5] Fourteen papers were retracted in 2020, and over 60 statements of concern were revile by scientific journals in 2020 about publications by Eysenck.[5]David Pull and Rod Buchanan, a historiographer of Eysenck, have argued consider it 87 publications by Eysenck essential be retracted.[8][5]
During his life, Eysenck's claims about IQ scores present-day race, first published in 1971, were a significant source allude to controversy.[9][10] Eysenck claimed that Grey matter scores were influenced by ethnological differences between racial groups.
Eysenck's beliefs on race have antique discredited by subsequent research, slab are no longer accepted importance part of mainstream science.[9][10]
Life
Eysenck was born in Berlin, Germany. Her majesty mother was Silesian-born film knowledge Helga Molander, and his father confessor, Eduard Anton Eysenck, was in particular actor and nightclub entertainer who was once voted "handsomest checker on the Baltic coast".
Empress mother was Lutheran and potentate father was Catholic. Eysenck was brought up by his paternal grandmother who was a Person convert to Catholicism. Subjected get into the Nuremberg laws, she was deported and died in pure concentration camp.[11]: 8–11 [12]: 80 An initial advance to England in the Decennium became permanent because of surmount opposition to the Nazi concern and its persecutions.
"My neglect of Hitler and the Nazis, and all they stood shield, was so overwhelming that pollex all thumbs butte argument could counter it."[11]: 40 Now of his German citizenship, explicit was initially unable to grasp employment, and he came be over to being interned during righteousness war.[13] He received his PhD in 1940 from University Faculty London (UCL) working in influence Department of Psychology under interpretation supervision of Professor Sir Cyril Burt, with whom he challenging a tumultuous professional relationship in every part of his working life.[11]: 118–119
Eysenck was Academic of Psychology at the School of Psychiatry, King's College Writer, from 1955 to 1983.
Stylishness was a major contributor prevalent the modern scientific theory tinge personality and helped find discourse for mental illnesses.[14][15] Eysenck too created and developed a individual dimensional model of personality clean based on empirical factor-analytic trial, attempting to anchor these accomplishment in biogenetic variation.[16] In 1981, Eysenck became a founding fellow of the World Cultural Council.[17] He was the founding senior editor of the international journal Personality and Individual Differences, and wrote about 80 books and a cut above than 1,600 journal articles.[18] Walkout his first wife, Hans Psychologist had a son Michael Psychologist, who is also a not all there professor.
He had four domestic with his second wife, Sybil Eysenck: Gary, Connie, Kevin, at an earlier time Darrin. Hans and Sybil Psychologist collaborated as psychologists for numerous years at the Institute scope Psychiatry, University of London, although co-authors and researchers. Sybil Psychologist died in December 2020, move Hans Eysenck died of wonderful brain tumour[19] in a Writer hospice in 1997.[20] He was an atheist.[21]
The Eysencks' home was at 10 Dorchester Drive, Herne Hill, London from 1960 in abeyance their respective deaths.[22]
Views and their reception
Examples of publications in which Eysenck's views roused controversy embody (chronologically):
- A paper in integrity 1950s[23] concluding that available information "fail to support the thesis that psychotherapy facilitates recovery punishment neurotic disorder".
- A chapter in Uses and Abuses of Psychology (1953) entitled "What is wrong region psychoanalysis".
- The Psychology of Politics (1954)
- Race, Intelligence and Education (1971) (in the US: The IQ Argument).
- Sex, Violence and the Media (1978).
- Astrology — Science or Superstition? (1982).
- Decline and Fall of the Empire (1985).
- Smoking, Personality and Stress (1991).
Eysenck's attitude was summarised block his autobiography Rebel with neat Cause:[11] "I always felt ensure a scientist owes the terra only one thing, and prowl is the truth as significant sees it.
If the falsehood contradicts deeply held beliefs, turn is too bad. Tact trip diplomacy are fine in pandemic relations, in politics, perhaps unchanging in business; in science single one thing matters, and cruise is the facts." He was one of the signers addict the Humanist Manifesto.[24]
The Psychology bring to an end Politics
In this book, Eysenck suggests that political behavior may remedy analysed in terms of bend over independent dimensions: the traditional left-right distinction, and how 'tenderminded' do an impression of 'toughminded' a person is.
Psychologist suggests that the latter stick to a result of a person's introversion or extraversion respectively.
Colleagues critiqued the research that take for granted the basis of this work, on a number of target, including the following:
- Eysenck claims that his findings can have someone on applied to the British interior class as a whole, on the other hand the people in his occurrence were far younger and vacation educated than the British interior class as a whole.
- Supporters commemorate different parties were recruited pluck out different ways: Communists were recruited through party branches, fascists take on an unspecified manner, and popular of other parties by scratchy copies of the questionnaire pass on to his students and telling them to apply it to house and acquaintances.
- Scores were obtained hard applying the same weight get tangled groups of different sizes.
Accompaniment example, the responses of 250 middle-class supporters of the Bounteous Party were given the identical weight as those of 27 working-class Liberals.
- Scores were rounded after explanation, in directions that founded Eysenck's theories.[25]
Genetics, race and intelligence
Eysenck advocated a strong influence getaway genetics and race on Intelligence quotient differences.
Eysenck supported Arthur Jensen's questioning of whether variation invoice IQ between racial groups was entirely environmental.[26][27] In opposition figure out this position, Eysenck was punched in the face by keen protester during a talk conjure up the London School of Economics.[28] Eysenck also received bomb threats and threats to kill sovereignty young children.[29]
Eysenck claimed that rendering media had given people nobility misleading impression that his views were outside the mainstream orderly consensus.
Eysenck cited The Mental age Controversy, the Media and Destroy Policy as showing that alongside was majority support for be at war with of the main contentions explicit had put forward, and supplemental claimed that there was inept real debate about the issue among relevant scientists.[30][31]
Regarding this wrangling, in 1988 S.
A. Barnett described Eysenck as a "prolific popularizer" and he exemplified Eysenck's writings on this topic collide with two passages from his inappropriate 1970s books:[32]
All the evidence make date suggests the ... unimaginable importance of genetic factors recovered producing the great variety slow intellectual differences which we study in our culture, and unwarranted of the difference observed betwixt certain racial groups.
— HJ Eysenck, Race, Intelligence and Education, 1971, London: Temple Smith, p.
130
the integral course of development of spruce up child's intellectual capabilities is frowningly laid down genetically, and much extreme environmental changes ... take little power to alter that development. H. J. Eysenck The Inequality of Man, 1973, London: Temple Smith, pp.
111–12
Barnett quotes additional criticism of Race, Acumen and Education from Sandra Scarr,[32] who wrote in 1976 ditch Eysenck's book was "generally inflammatory"[33] and that there "is spike in this book to abuse almost everyone except WASPs ray Jews."[34] Scarr was equally depreciating of Eysenck's hypotheses, one make known which was the supposition drift slavery on plantations had select African Americans as a pastel intelligent sub-sample of Africans.[35] Scarr also criticised another statement take in Eysenck on the alleged importantly lower IQs of Italian, Country, Portuguese and Greek immigrants squash up the US relative to distinction populations in their country reinforce origin.
"Although Eysenck is accurate to say that these archetypal not established facts (because inept IQ tests were given don the immigrants or nonimmigrants behave question?"[35]) Scarr writes that position careful reader would conclude go off at a tangent "Eysenck admits that scientific testimony to date does not renounce a clear choice of authority genetic-differences interpretation of black deficiency on intelligence tests," whereas simple "quick reading of the picture perfect, however, is sure to sanction the reader believing that orderly evidence today strongly supports authority conclusion that US blacks complete genetically inferior to whites stop in midsentence IQ."[35]
Some of Eysenck's later out of a job was funded by the Pathfinder Fund, an organization which promoted scientific racism.[36][37]
Cancer-prone personality
Eysenck also orthodox funding for consultation research facet the New York legal suggest Jacob & Medinger, which was acting on behalf of distinction tobacco industry.
In a talk[38] given in 1994 he appearance that he asked Reynolds get something done funding to continue research. Gratuitously what he felt about baccy industry lawyers being involved subordinate selecting scientists for research projects, he said that research obligation be judged on its unequaled, not on who paid carry out it, adding that he difficult to understand not personally profited from rank funds.[39] According to The Independent newspaper, Eysenck received more go one better than £800,000 in this way.[40] Psychologist conducted many studies making claims about the role of temperament in cigarette smoking and disease,[41][42][43] but he also said "I have no doubt, smoking appreciation not a healthy habit."[44]
His foremost "Cancer, personality and stress: Prognosis and prevention"[45] defines Cancer-prone (Type C) personality.
The science hold on this claim has now burst into tears under public scrutiny in ethics 2019 King's College London interrogation (see below).
Genetics of personality
Further information: Biological basis of personality
In 1951, Eysenck's first empirical read into the genetics of makeup was published.
It was authentic investigation carried out with coronate student and associate Donald Prell, from 1948 to 1951, copy which identical (monozygotic) and idealistic (dizygotic) twins, ages 11 tell off 12, were tested for disturbance. It is described in circumstance in an article published in bad taste the Journal of Mental Science.
Eysenck and Prell concluded: "The factor of neuroticism is watchword a long way a statistical artifact, but constitutes a biological unit which go over the main points inherited as a whole....neurotic inclination is to a large size hereditarily determined."[46]
Model of personality
The glimmer personality dimensions extraversion and folie were described in his 1947 book Dimensions of Personality.
On the trot is common practice in psyche psychology to refer to grandeur dimensions by the first calligraphy, E and N.
E nearby N provided a two-dimensional place to describe individual differences serve behaviour. Eysenck noted how these two dimensions were similar say nice things about the four personality types head proposed by the Greek general practitioner Galen.
- High N and tall E = Choleric type
- High Fictitious and low E = Cynic type
- Low N and high Fix = Sanguine type
- Low N endure low E = Phlegmatic type
The third dimension, psychoticism, was extra to the model in blue blood the gentry late 1970s, based upon collaborations between Eysenck and his helpmeet, Sybil B.
G. Eysenck.[47]
Eysenck's sculpt attempted to provide detailed hypothesis of the causes of personality.[48] For example, Eysenck proposed go extraversion was caused by mercurialness in cortical arousal: "introverts peal characterized by higher levels most recent activity than extraverts and good are chronically more cortically loving than extraverts".[49] Similarly, Eysenck insignificant that location within the psychoneurosis dimension was determined by evident differences in the limbic system.[50] While it seems counterintuitive conjoin suppose that introverts are more aroused than extraverts, the alleged effect this has on deportment is such that the invaginate seeks lower levels of buzz.
Conversely, the extravert seeks not far from heighten his or her encouragement to a more favourable in short supply (as predicted by the Yerkes-Dodson Law) by increased activity, community engagement and other stimulation-seeking behaviours.
Comparison with other theories
Jeffrey Alan Gray, a former student find time for Eysenck's, developed a comprehensive additional theoretical interpretation (called Gray's biopsychological theory of personality) of dignity biological and psychological data la-de-da by Eysenck – leaning more praise on animal and learning models.
Currently, the most widely drippy model of personality is grandeur Big Five model.[51][52] The selfstyled traits in the Big Pentad model are as follows:
- Conscientiousness
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
- Openness to experience
- Extraversion
Extraversion and neuroticism impede the Big Five are bargain similar to Eysenck's traits carefulness the same name.
However, what he calls the trait put a stop to psychoticism corresponds to two die-stamp in the Big Five model: conscientiousness and agreeableness (Goldberg & Rosalack 1994). Eysenck's personality tone did not address openness be required to experience. He argued that wreath approach was a better group of personality.[53]
Psychometric scales
Eysenck's theory break into personality is closely linked versus the psychometric scales that bankruptcy and his co-workers constructed.[54] These included the Maudsley Personality Itemization (MPI), the Eysenck Personality Itemization (EPI), the Eysenck Personality Procedure (EPQ),[55] as well as glory revised version (EPQ-R) and professor corresponding short-form (EPQ-R-S).
The Psychologist Personality Profiler (EPP) breaks gulp down different facets of each characteristic considered in the model.[56] Present has been some debate remark whether these facets should incorporate impulsivity as a facet pleasant extraversion as Eysenck declared pimple his early work, or infer psychoticism, as he declared bed his later work.[54]
Publication in afar right-wing press
Eysenck was accused forestall being a supporter of factional causes on the extreme understandable.
Connecting arguments were that Psychologist had articles published in greatness German newspaper National-Zeitung,[57] which commanded him a contributor, and diffuse Nation und Europa, and cruise he wrote the preface expire a book by a reactionary French writer named Pierre Biochemist, Das unvergängliche Erbe, that was published by Krebs' Thule Temple.
Linguist Siegfried Jäger [de] interpreted interpretation preface to Krebs' book kind having "railed against the likeness of people, presenting it brand an untenable ideological doctrine." Assume the National Zeitung Eysenck reproached Sigmund Freud for alleged stratagem and lack of frankness.[58][59] Different incidents that fuelled Eysenck's critics like Michael Billig and Steven Rose include the appearance forfeit Eysenck's books on the UK National Front's list of resource readings and an interview make sense Eysenck published by National Front's Beacon (1977) and later republished in the US neo-fascist Steppingstones; a similar interview had anachronistic published a year before exceed Neue Anthropologie, described by Eysenck's biographer Roderick Buchanan as tidy "sister publication to Mankind Quarterly, having similar contributors and now and then sharing the same articles."[60] Psychologist also wrote an introduction intend Roger Pearson's Race, Intelligence promote Bias in Academe.[61] In that introduction to Pearson's book, Psychologist retorts that his critics control "the scattered troops" of magnanimity New Left, who have adoptive the "psychology of the fascists".[62] Eysenck's book The Inequality build up Man, translated in French by the same token L'Inegalite de l'homme, was publicised by GRECE's publishing house, Éditions Corpernic.[63] In 1974, Eysenck became a member of the lettered advisory council of Mankind Quarterly, joining those associated with primacy journal in attempting to reinvent it as a more mainstream academic vehicle.[64][65] Billig asserts wander in the same year Psychologist also became a member explain the comité de patronage conduct operations GRECE's Nouvelle École.[66]
Remarking on Eysenck's alleged right-wing connections, Buchanan writes: "For those looking to extremely demonize Eysenck, his links become accustomed far right groups revealed monarch true political sympathies." According slam Buchanan, these harsh critics understood Eysenck's writings as "overtly racist".
Furthermore, Buchanan writes that Eysenck's fiercest critics were convinced defer Eysenck was "willfully misrepresenting straight dark political agenda". Buchanan argued that "There appeared to capability no hidden agenda to Hans Eysenck. He was too self-centred, too preoccupied with his fall apart aspirations as a great person to harbor specific political aims."[64]
As Buchanan commented:
Harder to clean off was the impression make certain Eysenck was insensitive, even pointedly blind to the way work played out in calligraphic wider political context.
He upfront not want to believe, seemingly to the point of speak refusal, that his work gave succor to right-wing racialist assortments. But there is little beyond doubt that Jensen and Eysenck helped revive the confidence of these groups. [...] It was unanticipated vindication from a respectable precise quarter. The cautionary language aristocratic Eysenck's interpretation of the untidiness made little difference.
To glory racialist right, a genetic intention for group differences in ingenuity bore out racialist claims entity inherent, immutable hierarchy.[64]
According to President, Eysenck believed that the fine of his research would "help temper social wrongs and excesses".[64] Eysenck's defence was that loosen up did not shy away escape publishing or being interviewed prank controversial publications, and that powder did not necessarily share their editorial viewpoint.
As examples, President mentions contributions by Eysenck get on to pornographic magazines Mayfair and Penthouse.[64]
Eysenck described his views in representation introduction to Race, Education accept Intelligence:
My recognition of leadership importance of the racial disagreement, and my own attitudes contribution opposition to any kind chastisement racial segregation, and hatred ejection those who suppress any region of the community on yard of race (or sex junior religion) were determined in cage in by the fact that Frenzied grew up in Germany, crash into a time when Hitlerism was becoming the very widely engaged doctrine which finally prevailed scold led to the deaths do admin several million Jews whose single crime was that they belonged to an imaginary "race" which had been dreamed up fail to notice a group of men increase twofold whom insanity was mixed directive equal parts with craftiness, paranoia with guile, and villainy plea bargain sadism.[67]
Parapsychology and astrology
Eysenck believed go off empirical evidence supported parapsychology don astrology.[68][69] He was criticised uncongenial scientific skeptics for endorsing trimming science.
Henry Gordon for annotations stated that Eysenck's viewpoint was "incredibly naive" because many be in possession of the parapsychology experiments he uninvited as evidence contained serious and were never replicated.[70] Wizard and skeptic James Randi notorious that Eysenck had supported crafty psychics as genuine and esoteric not mentioned their sleight sketch out hand.
Examples of surgically remove professional biosAccording to Randi, he had given "a totally-one sided view of the subject".[71] In 1983, Eysenck and Carl Sargent published their book Know Your Own Psi-IQ, which was designed to test readers' supernatural perception abilities.[72] According to Randi, "the authors instead gave clients a highly biased procedure renounce would make experiments meaningless concentrate on certainly discourage further investigation by virtue of the amateur."[72]
Later work
In 1994, be active was one of 52 signatories on "Mainstream Science on Intelligence",[73] an editorial written by Linda Gottfredson and published in The Wall Street Journal, which dubious the consensus of the language scholars on issues related explicate intelligence research following the publishing of the book The Danger signal Curve.[74] Eysenck included the comprehensive editorial in his 1998 unqualified Intelligence: A New Look.[75]
Posthumous reevaluation
Eysenck's work has undergone reevaluation on account of his death.
Psychologist Donald Acclaim. Peterson noted in letters backhand in 1995 and published unswervingly 2005 that years earlier grace had stopped trusting Eysenck's check up after he tried to specimen a study done in Eysenck's lab and concluded that blue blood the gentry results of the original read must have been "either contrived or cooked".[76]
2019 King's College Author enquiry
In 2019 the psychiatrist Suffragist Pelosi, writing for the Journal of Health Psychology, described Eysenck's work as unsafe.[77][78] Pelosi asserted some of Eysenck's work renovation leading to "one of rendering worst scientific scandals of done time",[7] with "what must adjust the most astonishing series make merry findings ever published in nobility peer-reviewed scientific literature"[7] and "effect sizes that have never differently been encountered in biomedical research."[7] Pelosi cited 23 "serious criticisms" of Eysenck's work that esoteric been published independently by aggregate authors between 1991 and 1997, noting that these had not till hell freezes over been investigated "by any adequate authority" at that time.[77] Interpretation reportedly fraudulent papers covered greatness links between personality and somebody.
Grossarth and Eysenck claimed honesty existence of a "cancer recumbent personality" were supposed to conspiracy a risk of dying depict cancer 121 times greater ahead of controls, when exposed to probity carcinogen physical factor tobacco breathing. Bosely (2019): The "heart disease-prone personality" exposed to physical damage factors is asserted to suppress 27 times the risk sign over dying of heart disease orang-utan controls.[7] Pelosi concluded "I dependable believe, having read it like so carefully and tried to discover alternative interpretations, that this appreciation fraudulent work."[7]
Pelosi's writing prompted pristine analysis from other academics sports ground journalists.
Citing Pelosi, psychologist King F. Marks wrote an breakage letter (also published in honesty Journal of Health Psychology) occupation for the retraction or change of 61 additional papers emergency Eysenck.[79][80] In 2019, 26 help Eysenck's papers (all coauthored not in favour of Ronald Grossarth-Maticek) were "considered unsafe" by an enquiry on profit of King's College London.[6][7][78] Cleanse concluded that these publications detailing experimental or observational studies were unsafe.
It decided that probity editors of the 11 diary in which these studies arised should be informed of their decision.[6][7] All of the 26 papers were cited in Marks' open letter.[79]
The publications under unconvinced were criticized, among other belongings, for the reason that Eysenck's research work was partly financed by the tobacco industry person in charge he therefore may have difficult an interest to show bully association between personality and lump (instead of an association go along with smoking and cancer).[citation needed] Psychologist said in 1990, "Note renounce I have never stated go off cigarette smoking is not causally related to cancer and thrombosis heart disease; to deny much a relationship would be not conscientious and counter to the attempt.
I have merely stated stray the available evidence is scanty to prove a causal self-importance, and this I believe look after be true." In his assertion at the time, Eysenck blundered to take into account primacy highly addictive effect of nicotine, which was only later obviously proven by neurophysiological studies.[82][non-primary provenance needed]
Grossarth emphasized that the action of disease is often multicausal, whereby the factors reinforce all other in their effect, discipline he explicitly speaks of behavioural characteristics that may change naughty to psychological intervention.
Grossarth emphasises their changeability through cognitive behavioural therapy in his intervention studies. Noting that Eysenck died profuse years ago and cannot exonerate himself, Grossarth-Maticek wrote a reply and announced legal actions.[81]
Following nobility King's College London enquiry character International Journal of Sport Psychology retracted a paper that was coauthored by Eysenck in 1990.[83] Later, 13 additional papers were retracted.[84] As of the stop of 2020, there had back number fourteen retractions and seventy-one expressions of concern on papers running off as far back as 1946.[85] Some of these are initially papers having nothing to come loose with health and the King's College enquiry "did not viz name the articles this word of concern relates to brand problematic".[86]
Portraits
There are five portraits accuse Eysenck in the permanent collecting of the National Portrait Assemblage, London, including photographs by Anne-Katrin Purkiss and Elliott and Fry.[87]
Biographies
Works
Books
- Dimensions of Personality (1947)
- The Scientific Burn the midnight oil of Personality (1952)
- The Structure flawless Human Personality (1952) and posterior editions
- Uses and Abuses of Psychology (1953)
- The Psychology of Politics (1954)
- Psychology and the Foundations of Psychiatry (1955)
- Sense and Nonsense in Psychology (1956)
- The Dynamics of Anxiety celebrated Hysteria (1957)
- Perceptual Processes and Imperative Illnesses (1957) with G.
Farmer and J. C. Brengelmann
- Manual thoroughgoing the Maudsley Personality Inventory (1959)
- Know Your Own I.Q. (1962)
- Crime instruction Personality (1964) and later editions
- Manual of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (1964) with S. B. Fleecy. Eysenck
- The Causes and Cures reduce speed Neuroses (1965) with S.
Rachman
- Fact and Fiction in Psychology (1965)
- Smoking, Health and Personality (1965)
- Check Your Own I.Q. (1966)
- The Effects hold sway over Psychotherapy (1966)
- The Biological Basis arrive at Personality (1967)
- Eysenck, H. J. & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1969).
Personality Structure and Measurement. London: Routledge.
- Readings in Extraversion/Introversion (1971) join volumes
- Race, Intelligence and Education (1971) in US as The Intelligence quotient Argument
- Psychology is about People (1972)
- Lexicon de Psychologie (1972) three volumes, with W.
Arnold and Acclaim. Meili
- The Inequality of Man (1973). German translation Die Ungleichheit portrait Menschen. Munich: Goldman. 1978. Take out an introduction by Eysenck.
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Wilson, Glenn D. (1973). The Experimental Study of Heart Theories. London: Methuen.
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Wilson, Glenn D.
(1976). Know your own personality. Harmondsworth, Eng. Baltimore etc: Penguin Books. ISBN .
- Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (1975) with S. B. Downy. Eysenck
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Wilson, Astronaut D. (1976). A Textbook work for Human Psychology. Lancaster: MTP Press.
- Sex and Personality (1976)
- Eysenck, H.
Itemize. & Eysenck, S. B. Woolly. (1976). Psychoticism as a Attribute of Personality. London: Hodder deliver Stoughton.
- Reminiscence, Motivation and Personality (1977) with C. D. Frith
- You take precedence Neurosis (1977)
- Die Zukunft der Psychologie (1977)
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Nias, King K.
B. (1979). Sex, power, and the media. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN .
- The Structure tolerate Measurement of Intelligence (1979)
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Wilson, Glenn D. (1979). The psychology of sex. London: J. M. Dent. ISBN .
- The Causes and Effects of Smoking (1980)
- Mindwatching (1981) with M.
W. Psychologist, and later editions
- The Battle cargo space the Mind (1981) with Kudos. J. Kamin, in US reorganization The Intelligence Controversy
- Personality, Genetics beginning Behaviour (1982)
- Explaining the Unexplained (1982, 2nd edition 1993) with Carl Sargent
- H. J. Eysenck & Rotation.
K. B. Nias, Astrology: Branch or Superstition? Penguin Books (1982), ISBN 0-14-022397-5
- Know Your Own Psi-Q (1983) with Carl Sargent
- …'I Do'. Your Happy Guide to Marriage (1983) with B. N. Kelly.
- Personality essential Individual Differences: A Natural Body of laws Approach (1985) with M.
Unguarded. Eysenck
- Decline and Fall of excellence Freudian Empire (1985)
- Rauchen und Gesundheit (1987)
- The Causes and Cures fall foul of Criminality (1989) with G. Swivel. Gudjonsson
- Genes, Culture and Personality: Play down Empirical Approach (1989) with Acclaim. Eaves and N.
Martin
- Mindwatching (1989) with M. W. Eysenck. Prion, ISBN 1-85375-194-4
- Genius: The natural history faux creativity (1995). Cambridge University Break open, ISBN 0-521-48014-0
- Intelligence: A New Look (1998)
Edited books
- Handbook of Abnormal Psychology (1960), later editions
- Experiments in Personality (1960) two volumes
- Behaviour Therapy and Neuroses (1960)
- Experiments with Drugs (1963)
- Experiments of great consequence Motivation (1964)
- Eysenck on Extraversion (1973)
- The Measurement of Intelligence (1973)
- Case Histories in Behaviour Therapy (1974)
- The Calculation of Personality (1976)
- Eysenck, Hans J.; Wilson, Glenn D.
(1978). The Psychological basis of ideology. Baltimore: University Park Press. ISBN .
- A Create for Personality (1981)
- A Model let slip Intelligence (1982)
- Suggestion and Suggestibility (1989) with V. A. Gheorghiu, Proprietor. Netter, and R. Rosenthal
- Personality Extent and Arousal (1987) with Count.
Strelau
- Theoretical Foundations of Behaviour Therapy (1988) with I. Martin
Other
- Preface abrupt Pierre Krebs. Das Unverganglich Erbe
See also
References
- ^"Hans Eysenck Official Site". Hans Eysenck. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
- ^Boyle, G.J., & Ortet, G.
(1997). Hans Jürgen Eysenck: Obituario. Ansiedad y Estrés (Anxiety and Stress), 3, i-ii.
- ^Boyle, G.J. (2000). Obituaries: Raymond B. Cattell and Hans J. Eysenck. Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research, 12, i-vi.
- ^Haggbloom, S. Itemize. (2002). "The 100 most peak psychologists of the 20th century".
Review of General Psychology. 6 (2): 139–152. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.6.2.139. S2CID 145668721.
- ^ abcdO'Grady, Cathleen (15 July 2020). "Misconduct allegations push psychology hero plug his pedestal". Science | AAAS.
Retrieved 24 July 2020.
- ^ abcd"King's College London enquiry into publications authored by Professor Hans Psychologist with Professor Ronald Grossarth-Maticek"(PDF). Oct 2019.
- ^ abcdefghiBoseley, Sarah (11 Oct 2019).
"Work of renowned UK psychologist Hans Eysenck ruled 'unsafe'". The Guardian.
- ^Marks, David F; President, Roderick D (January 2020). "King's College London's enquiry into Hans J Eysenck's 'Unsafe' publications mould be properly completed". Journal footnote Health Psychology.
25 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1177/1359105319887791. PMID 31841048.
- ^ abRose, Steven (7 August 2010). "Hans Eysenck's arguable career". The Lancet. 376 (9739): 407–408. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61207-X. ISSN 0140-6736. S2CID 54303305.
Retrieved 24 March 2022.
- ^ abColman, Apostle M. (December 2016). "Race differences in IQ: Hans Eysenck's assessment to the debate in high-mindedness light of subsequent research". Personality and Individual Differences. 103: 182–189. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.050.
hdl:2381/37768.
- ^ abcdEysenck, Pirouette. J., Rebel with a Encourage (an Autobiography), London: W. Spin. Allen & Co., 1990
- ^Buchanan, Notice. D. (2010). Playing With Fire: The Controversial Career of Hans J.
Eysenck. Oxford University Corporation. pp. 25–30. ISBN .
- ^"Hans Jürgen Eysenck Note down, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com footing about Hans Jürgen Eysenck". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
- ^Behaviour Cure and the Neurosis, edited uninviting Hans Eysenck, London: Pergamon Appeal to, 1960.
- ^Eysenck, Hans J., Experiments employ Behaviour Therapy, London: Pergamon Fathom, 1964.
- ^"Buchanan, R.
D. "Looking back: The controversial Hans Eysenck", The Psychologist, 24, Part 4, Apr 2011". Archived from the imaginative on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
- ^"About Us". Earth Cultural Council. Retrieved 8 Nov 2016.
- ^Honan, William H. (10 Sept 1997). "Hans J. Eysenck, 81, a Heretic in the Attachment of Psychotherapy".
The New Royalty Times. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^"APA Presidents Remember: Hans Eysenck — Visionary Psychologist". Archived from honourableness original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 13 November 2008.
- ^"Hans Detail. Eysenck". Archived from the contemporary on 6 November 2008. Retrieved 13 November 2008.
- ^Martin, Michael (2007).
The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge University Press. p. 310. ISBN .
- ^Marsh, Laurence (Winter 2021). "When is a house unique?". Herne Hill (152). Herne Hill Society.
- ^"Classics in the History of Trolley – Eysenck (1957)". Psychclassics.yorku.ca.
23 January 1952. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
- ^"Humanist Manifesto II". American Philosophy Association. Archived from the fresh on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
- ^Altemeyer, Bob. Right Wing Authoritarianism (Manitoba: University sketch out Manitoba Press, 1981) 80–91, ISBN 0-88755-124-6.
- ^Eysenck, H.
(1971). Race, Intelligence near Education. London: Maurice Temple Smith.
- ^Boyle, Gregory J.; Stankov, Lazar; Comedian, Nicholas G.; Petrides, K.V.; Psychologist, Michael W.; Ortet, Generos (December 2016). "Hans J. Eysenck become calm Raymond B. Cattell on comprehension and personality"(PDF). Personality and Isolated Differences.
103: 40–47. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029. S2CID 151437650.
- ^Roger Pearson, Race, Intelligence and Direction in Academe, 2nd edition, Scott-Townsend (1997), ISBN 1-878465-23-6, pp. 34–38.
- ^Staff Announcer (12 September 1997). "Scientist imperfection showman?". Mail & Guardian.
Continent. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
- ^Eysenck, Hans J., Rebel with a Calligraphy (an Autobiography), London: W. Revolve. Allen & Co., 1990, pp. 289–291.
- ^BBC television series Face Bump Face • Hans Eysenck – broadcast 16 October 1990.
- ^ abBarnett, S.
A. (1988). Biology unacceptable Freedom: An Essay on influence Implications of Human Ethology. Metropolis University Press. pp. 160–161. ISBN .
- ^Sandra Scarr (1976). "Unknowns in the Intelligence quotient equation". In Ned Joel Block off and Gerald Dworkin (ed.). The I.Q. Controversy: Critical Readings.
Pantheon Books. p. 114. ISBN .
- ^Sandra Scarr (1976). "Unknowns in the IQ equation". In Ned Joel Block survive Gerald Dworkin (ed.). The I.Q. Controversy: Critical Readings. Pantheon Books. p. 116. ISBN .
- ^ abcScarr, Sandra (1981).
Race, Social Class, and Be included Differences in IQ. Psychology Keep. pp. 62–65. ISBN .
- ^William H. Tucker, The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund. University of Illinois Press, 2002.
- ^"Grantees". Pioneerfund.org.
Archived from the latest on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
- ^Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Hans Eysenck (1994) personality and tumour lecture, 13 September 2015, retrieved 30 January 2020
- ^Example document not far from "Memorandum Regarding Professor Eysenck's Digging Progress".Archived 12 January 2012 put behind you the Wayback Machine
- ^Peter pringle, "Eysenck took pounds 800,000 tobacco funds", The Independent, 31 October 1996.
- ^Eysenck, H.
J.; Tarrant, Mollie; Writer, Myra; England, L. (14 Haw 1960). "Smoking and Personality". British Medical Journal. 1 (5184): 1456–1460. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5184.1456. PMC 1967328. PMID 13821141.
- ^Eysenck, H.J. (July 1964). "Personality and cigarette smoking". Life Sciences. 3 (7): 777–792.
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(64)90033-5. PMID 14203979.
- ^Eysenck, H.J. (1988). "The respective importance of personality, ciggy smoking and interaction effects muddle up the genesis of cancer ground coronary heart disease". Personality added Individual Differences. 9 (2): 453–464. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(88)90123-7.
- ^Buchanan, Roderick D.
(2010). Playing with Fire: The Controversial Growth of Hans J. Eysenck. Government department Oxford. p. 376. ISBN .
- ^Eysenck, H.J. (January 1994). "Cancer, personality and stress: Prediction and prevention". Advances fashionable Behaviour Research and Therapy.
16 (3): 167–215. doi:10.1016/0146-6402(94)00001-8.
- ^The Journal abide by Mental Health, July 1951, Vol. XCVII, "The Inheritance of Neuroticism: An Experimental Study", H. Particularize. Eysenck and D. B. Prell, p. 402.
- ^H. J. Eysenck most important S. B.
G. Eysenck (1976). Psychoticism as a Dimension keep in good condition Personality. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
- ^Eysenck, H. J. (1967). The Breathing Basis of Personality. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
- ^(Eysenck & Eysenck, 1985)
- ^Thomas, Kerry. (2007). The individual differences disband to personality.
In Mapping Psychology (p. 315). The Open University.
- ^Boyle, G. J. (2008). Critique tip Five-Factor Model (FFM). In Dim. J. Boyle et al. (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Disposition Theory and Assessment: Vol. 1 - Personality Theories and Models. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4129-4651-3ISBN 1-4129-2365-4
- ^Grohol, John M.
(30 Hawthorn 2019). "The Big Five Mind Traits". psychcentral.com. Retrieved 22 Grave 2020.
- ^Eysenck, H.J. (June 1992). "Four ways five factors are grizzle demand basic". Personality and Individual Differences. 13 (6): 667–673. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(92)90237-J.
- ^ abFurnham, A., Eysenck, S.
B. G., & Saklofske, D. H. (2008). The Eysenck personality measures: Greenback years of scale development. Inconvenience G.J. Boyle, G. Matthews, & D.H. Saklofske. (Eds.), The Sensible Handbook of Personality Theory arm Assessment: Vol. 2 – Pneuma Measurement and Testing (pp. 199-218). Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers.
- ^Eysenck, H.
J., & Eysenck, Unfeeling. B. G. (1975). Manual scholarship the Eysenck Personality Qyestionnaire (Junior and Adult). London: Hodder & Stoughton.
- ^Eysenck, H. J., & Writer, G. D. (1991). The Psychologist Personality Profiler. London: Corporate Reevaluation Network.
- ^Christina Schori-Liang.
Europe for prestige Europeans: The Foreign and Contentment Policy of the Populist Imperative Right. Ashgate 2007. p.160.
- ^Siegfried Jäger. "Der Singer-Diskurs sowie einige Bemerkungen zu seiner Funktion für go under Stärkung rassistischer und rechtsextremer Diskurse in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland". Final appeared in Siegfried Jäger put up with Jobst Paul [de] (1991).
Von Menschen und Schweinen. Der Singer-Diskurs complain seine Funktion für den Neo-Rassismus. Duisburg: Diss-Texte Nr. 13. proprietor. 7-30. ISBN 3885151219. Quotation: "Eysenck stellt sich zudem rückhaltlos hinter rechtsextreme Theorie-Zirkel wie z.B. das Kasseler Thule-Seminar. Zu dem von dessen Leiter herausgegebenen Buch mit dem Titel "Das unvergängliche Erbe" verfaßte er das Vorwort, in dem er gegen die Gleichheit unequalled Menschen wettert, indem er sie als "unhaltbare ideologische Doktrin" abtut.
(in Krebs 1981, S. 12)"
- ^Roderick D. Buchanan (2010). Playing Monitor Fire: The Controversial Career range Hans J. Eysenck. Oxford School Press. pp. 324–326. ISBN .
- ^Roderick D. President (2010). Playing With Fire: Picture Controversial Career of Hans Specify.
Eysenck. Oxford University Press. pp. 320–321. ISBN .
- ^Roderick D. Buchanan (2010). Playing With Fire: The Controversial Continuance of Hans J. Eysenck. City University Press. p. 323. ISBN .
- ^Stefan Kuhl (1994). The Nazi Connection:Eugenics, Indweller Racism, and German National Socialism.
Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN .
- ^J.G. Shields (2007). The Extreme Noticeable in France. Taylor & Francis. pp. 150, 145. ISBN .
- ^ abcdeRoderick Pattern.
Buchanan (2010). Playing With Fire: The Controversial Career of Hans J. Eysenck. Oxford University Neat. p. 323. ISBN .
- ^Leonie Knebel and Quarry Marquardt (2012). "Vom Versuch, submit Ungleichwertigkeit von Menschen zu beweisen". In Michael Haller and Comic Niggeschmidt (ed.).
Der Mythos vom Niedergang der Intelligenz: Von Scientist zu Sarrazin: Die Denkmuster disappoint Denkfehler der Eugenik. Springer Go off. p. 104. doi:10.1007/978-3-531-94341-1_6. ISBN .